As with ALL appliances, your best answer lies with the manufacturer's listed instructions. You cross-check this against the applicable codes in your area then apply the more restrictive elements. For instance, the IRC would require such a vent be 4' away from mechanical air intakes and 12" above grade. However, in Mass., you would also need to terminate at least 4ft. above grade OR higher if that side of the building is prone to snow drifts.
The listing will deterimine the maximum vent run, number of offsets, pitch, etc. Especially important is the termination. Some leave it rather simple while others are rather explicit in their requirements. When you have a mfr. stating very specific requirements, follow them to the letter. This is because:
a) he spent a LOT of time and money testing this configuration
b) it is probably in response to one or more incidents where this was found to present a problem
These systems have to be balanced to work properly. Failure to abide by the listing could result in anything from diminished performance to outright failure of the unit. For example: you modify the venting outside the mfr.s listed instructions. The unit can no longer breathe as designed. The unit runs hotter than designed yet cool enough not to trip the high temp. limit. You burn out the heat exchanger prematurely, which could lead to loss of performance and even carbon monoxide exposure.
I'm sorry but there is no one general answer other than refer back to the listing and codes.
HTH,
Hearthman
Keep the fire in the fireplace.